Wednesday, April 14, 2010

വിഷു സമഭാവനയുടെ ദിനം

ഏപ്രില് 14- വിഷു, ഏതൊരു മലയാളിയുടെ മനസ്സിലും ശുഭ കാമനയുടെ സുന്ദരഭാവങ്ങള് തൊട്ടുണര്ത്തുന്ന ദിനം. പ്രഭാതത്തില് ഉറക്കമുണര്ന്ന് ആദ്യം കാണുന്ന കാഴ്ച അനുസരിച്ചായിരിക്കും അന്നത്തെ ഫലം എന്നു വിശ്വസിക്കുന്നവര് ഈ ശാസ്ത്രയുഗത്തിലും ധാരാളമുണ്ട്. അതെ, ഇത് പ്രതീക്ഷകളുടെ ദിനം. വരാനിരിക്കുന്ന നല്ല നാളെയെ കുറിച്ചുളള സുവര്ണ്ണ പ്രതീക്ഷകളുടെ പൊന്കണി. പാവപ്പെട്ടവനു കണ്നിറയെ സ്വര്ണ്ണം കാണാന് പൂത്തുലുഞ്ഞ കൊന്നമരങ്ങള്. മനസ്സില് പൂത്ത സ്നേഹകൊന്നകള് കണികണ്ടുണരുന്ന വിഷുപുലരി.
മലയാളിയുടെ മനസ്സിലും, മണ്ണിലും വിളവെടുപ്പിന്റെ സമൃദ്ധിയും, കൃഷിയിറക്കിന്റെ പ്രതീക്ഷയും ഒരുപോലെ നിറുഞ്ഞ ഉത്സവമാണ് വിഷു, ഐശ്വര്യത്തിന്റെ-സമ്പല്സമൃദ്ധിയുടെ-പ്രതീക്ഷയുടെ കണിയൊരുക്കി സൂര്യന്-പുതിയ പ്രദക്ഷിണ വഴിയിലേക്ക് നടന്നു നീങ്ങുന്നു. വസന്തകാലത്തിന്റെ പ്രതിനിധിയായി എങ്ങുനിന്നോ സ്വാഗതഗാനവും പാടികൊണ്ട് വിദൂരതയില്നിന്നും പറന്നെത്തുന്ന വിഷുപക്ഷികള്. നിറയെ പൂത്തുലഞ്ഞു നില്ക്കുന്ന കൊന്നമരം കണികണുന്നത് ഐശ്വര്യദായകം മാത്രമല്ല, കണ്ണിനും, കരളിനും കുളിരുപകരുന്നതുമാണ്. കുലകുലയായി വിരിഞ്ഞ് തൂങ്ങി കിടക്കുന്ന സ്വര്ണ്ണപൂക്കള്.
ഉര്വ്വരതയുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ഈ വിശേഷദിനം പ്രകൃതീശ്വരീ പൂജയ്ക്കുള്ള ദിവസം കൂടിയാണ്. കാര്ഷിക വിഭവങ്ങളും, കണിക്കൊന്നപൂക്കളും ഈ വിശേഷദിനത്തിന്റെ അവിഭാജ്യ ഘടകങ്ങളാണ്. വിശ്വാസികള്ക്കു വിഷുഫലം സുഖദുഃഖങ്ങളുടെ സൂചനയാണ്. കര്ഷകര്ക്കാകട്ടെ, വരാനിരിക്കുന്ന സമൃദ്ധിയുടെ നാന്ദിയും കുറിക്കുന്ന ദിനം. ജീവിതചൂടില് ഉരുകിയൊലിക്കുമ്പോഴും സ്വപ്നം വിതയ്ക്കാന് വിഷു നമ്മെ പ്രേരിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.
വറുതികളും, കൊടുതികളും ചവിട്ടിമെതിച്ച മണ്ണിലേക്കും, മനസ്സിലേക്കുമാണ് നാം മലയാളികളുടെ ആഘോഷങ്ങളെത്തുന്നത്. പ്രതീക്ഷയുടെ പൂത്താലവും, ഓര്മ്മകളുടെ താലപ്പൊലിയുമായി. പിന്നിടുന്ന സംവത്സരങ്ങളുടെ നെറുകയില് അവ ചന്ദനകുളിരാകുന്നു. തീര്ത്ഥ ജല സ്പര്ശമാകുന്നു. അനന്തമായ പിതൃപരമ്പരയില് നിന്നും കൈവന്ന കൈവല്യസ്മരണകള്. മലയാളികളുടെ മനസ്സ് സമ്പന്നമാകുന്നത് ആഘോഷങ്ങളുടെ സമൃദ്ധിയിലാണ്. മണ്ണിനെയും, വിണ്ണിനെയും മനുഷ്യമനസ്സില് കോര്ത്തിടുന്ന അനുഭൂതികളിലാണ്. അങ്ങനെ പ്രകൃതിയുടെ പിറന്നാളുകള് പോലെ ഓണവും, വിഷുവും നാം ആഘോഷിക്കുന്നു.
ശകവര്ഷത്തിന്റെയും, തമിഴ് വര്ഷത്തിന്റെയും, പുതുവര്ഷാരംഭം കൂടിയാണ് വിഷു. സൂര്യന് ഭൂമദ്ധ്യരേഖയില് വരുന്നതിനാല് പകലും, രാവും തുല്യമായ ദിനമാണിത്. നിറദീപങ്ങളുടെ നടുവില് ഉരുളിയില് അരി, കൊന്നപ്പൂവ്, വെള്ളരിക്ക, നാളികേരം, അഷ്ടമംഗല്യം എന്നിവ നിറച്ച് ഒരുക്കിവയ്ക്കുന്നു. വിഷുദിവസം രാവിലെ ഫലമൂലാദികളും, കണികൊന്നയും കണികണ്ടുണരുന്ന നാം, മലയാളികള് മനതാരില് വരാനിരിക്കുന്ന ദിനങ്ങളുടെ സുഖസുഷ്പ്തിയില് ലയിക്കുന്നു. രാവിലെ കണി കണ്ടു കഴിഞ്ഞാല് ഒരു വീട്ടിലെ മുതിര്ന്നയാള് - കാരണവര് മറ്റുള്ളവര്ക്ക് വിഷു കൈനീട്ടവും, പുടവയും വീണ്ടും കിട്ടുവാനും മറ്റുമായും നാം വിഷുദിനമാഘോഷിക്കുന്നു.
കൈകളിലൂടെ ഹൃദയങ്ങള് പരസ്പരം തൊടുന്ന വിഷു കൈനീട്ടം. കണിപ്പാത്രത്തിലെ പൂക്കളിലും, ഫലത്തിലും നാം ഒരാണ്ടിന്റെമുഖപ്രസാദം ദര്ശിക്കുന്നു. വിഷുദിനത്തിന്റെ കരസ്പര്ശമേറ്റ് അങ്ങനെ അനശ്വരമായിത്തീര്ന്ന എത്രയെത്ര പുണ്യങ്ങള്. സൂര്യന് മീനരാശിയില് നിന്നു മാറുന്ന ദിനമാണ് വിഷു. രാവും പകലും തുല്യമാകുന്ന വിഷു സംക്രാന്തി സമഭാവനയുടെ സന്ദേശം കൂടിയാണ്. ജീവിതച്ചൂടില് ഉരുകിയൊലിക്കുമ്പോള് സ്വപ്നം വിതയ്ക്കാന് വിഷു നമ്മെ പ്രേരിപ്പിക്കുന്നു. പീഢാനുഭവങ്ങളുടെ മീനച്ചൂട് മനസ്സില് കൊന്നപ്പൂക്കളായി വിരിയുന്നു. അറിവുറയ്ക്കാത്ത ബാല്യം മുതല് ജീവിതാന്ത്യംവരെ വിഷു നമ്മോടൊപ്പമുണ്ട്. പൊന്നും, പൂവും കൊണ്ട് പ്രകൃതിയെഴുതുന്ന മധുര ഗീതം പോലെ.
ഇനിയും മരിക്കാത്ത ഭൂമിയില് വരും വിഷുവിനൊരുനല്ക്കണി കാണാന് കണിക്കൊന്നയില് ഒരു പൂവെങ്കിലും....., നമുക്കു കാത്തിരിക്കാം.... പ്രാര്ത്ഥനയോടെ.

എല്ലാ കൈപ്പുഴകാര്‍ക്കും ഈ ബ്ലോഗിന്റെ മറ്റു സന്ദര്‍ശകര്‍ക്കും വിഷു ആശംസകള്‍ !!

Sunday, April 11, 2010

എഴുതാപ്പുറം

എഴുതാപ്പുറം like the famous അക്കരകാഴ്ചകള്‍ is being serialised on Kairali TV and three of its episodes are now available in YouTube. It is conceived and created by George Kanatt (son of Kanatt Baby Sir).

Please find links to the available 3 episodes on right hand side of this screen.

Let us hope this will also become a great hit like അക്കരകാഴ്ചകള്‍.

All the best to the team behind എഴുതാപ്പുറം

Saturday, April 3, 2010

Jijo's Kaipuzha Pictures

Dear friends:

Here is an album containing some pictures of Kaipuzha Church & School provided by Jijo & Anisha Kizhakkekattil, presently living in Northwich, United Kingdom.

To see pictures in this album, CLICK HERE

Enjoy!

Hi from Houston Texas

Thanks for the invitation.
Here is my first post
The detailed post follows
Bye now

സ്നേഹപൂര്‍വ്വം കൈപ്പുഴകാര്‍ക്ക്

Dear brothers & sisters from Kaipuzha:

Nammude Swantham Kaipuzha Group Blog was started only the day before and I find in less than 48 hours it was visited by 221 people, obviously all of them from Kaipuzha. It clearly shows the enthusiasm of our people for this common platform.

A Group Blog is different from a publication or a personal blog. This belongs to all its members.

I Shall briefly try to explain the concept of a Group Blog. (I don’t claim I know much about it. Someone more knowledgeable can give a better explanation).

A group blog has an Administrator and 100 authors. And of course, any number of visitors/readers. The Administrator can invite people to become authors. They need to click on the “Accept Invitation” button on the invitation they will receive by email, signing in with a username and password. Your username and password will be your secret and you don't have to share it with any one. Once you have become an author you can - any time, from any where - visit the blog, sign in and publish new post or edit your own previous posts.

100 different people contributing to our Nammude Swantham Kaipuzha can make this a very valuable and interesting thing for all of us. You can post article, story, poem, memoirs, pictures, videos, anything. Suppose you go to Kaipuzha on vacation (if you live outside Kaipuzha) and come across an old teacher (male or female) whom you had almost forgotten. You talk to him/her and the old memories come back to you. Please write it down – don’t worry about the quality or beauty of the language. It is only for us. Even though it is written in a shabby language, you are writing about things, places and persons we all know. We are interested.

Tomorrow many of you will be celebrating Easter from many different parts of the world. In less than 2 weeks you will celebrate Vishu. Most of you own a digital camera. Take pictures, prepare a Picasa online album and post it here. We would be pleased to see those pictures. Publish here pictures of any celebration in yur family, wedding anniversary, children's birthdays, etc. Remember, it costs you nothing.

If you are in Kaipuzha or around, you will know what is happening there. We, living away from our beloved Kaipuzha, are keen to read about the silliest of silly thing that is happening in our village. Even an argument that takes place in Sasthankal Kavala, a suspicious person walking near Pallithazhe, a thief caught near our Ashupathry, anything. Please do report it for our sake.

When you read about something, try to be generous in posting your comments.

Please note the purpose of this platform is to make us all united. Ensure that you don’t use this forum to attack others. Nammude Swantham Kaipuzha should be beyond political or religious considerations or feelings.

If you want to become an author, send a mail to: nammudekaipuzha@gmail.com

If you want to post materials or photographs and don’t want to become an author, just mail them to the same ( nammudekaipuzha@gmail.com ) email.

Looking forward to see all Kaipuzhawallahs in this forum.

Jai Ho, Kaipuzha.

Alex Kaniamparambil

Friday, April 2, 2010

More Kaipuzha Pictures

More Kaipuzha Picures

Kaipuzha: Useful Information

St George’s Forane Church (1813), Kaipuzha P.O., Kottayam – 686 602
Telephone Number: 0481 271 1077

Other Kaipuzha Telephone Numbers:

St Joseph’s Convent: 0481 211 1346
Visitation Convent: 0481 271 1091
Divine Providence Hospital: 0481 271 1047
St Thomas Asylum SJC (Home for the Disabled): 0481 271 1191
Santhos SJC (Home for the Disabled, 1925): 0481 271 1194
St. George’s V.H.S.S, Kaipuzha (2000): 0481 271 1103
St. Thomas Press: 0481 271 1191

St Theresa’s Church (1918), Palathuruthu:
Telephone Number: 0481 259 8989

Visitation Convent: 0481 259 8214
St Theresa’s Nursery School: 0481 259 8214

New School Building in Kaipuzha

St Georges Kaipuzha

KAIPUZHA – Part 3

Joseph (Uppachan) Pathyil, Canada


Late one afternoon, if you sit on that boulder in the kalappura muttam, you will see the verdant fields bursting with golden crops. The workers have retired to rest from the travails of the day. The birds are flying back to their nests. The channels are silent except for the occasional fish jumping, or a water snake rippling the surface. The golden sun is about to embrace the green fields laden with the promise of a rich harvest. People are busy getting the children bathed, and readying for the evening prayers. Darkness falls suddenly after the glorious sunset. One can hear the chatter of prayers, loud reading of homework by the children, scolding of mothers to recalcitrant children from every household. The day is done, its hours have run, and people are taking count of all.

Soon will come the harvest season. Workers are milling around the premises, reaping, thrashing, drying and heaping of hay, storing the paddy, fighting for recognition, ...and all in a hurry to beat the rains. Stomping the harvested sheaves under feet, making sure every grain is accounted for, they work night and day. Indeed most stay back to work a few hours by lantern to speed up and store the harvest. Glorious time for the children to walk the newly harvested fields, gleaning what is left by the workers, flying kites, romping in the hay, and generally making a nuisance of themselves to the workers and their supervisors. The jackfruit and mangoes are ripe for picking. The cashew apples shine temptingly overhanging the fields. Not a day goes by but the delicious mangoes are picked or gathered as they fall, and eaten at any time of the day or night. And the children gorge on jack fruit till they get sick.

Seasons determine the lives of the folks in Kaipuzha. Home and school and church revolve around these seasons. Marriages and festivals are in accordance with the seasons. Kaipuzha is quintessentially a place in tune with nature.

St. George’s Roman Catholic Church is the focal point of religious and social activities of the Christians. It has been in existence since 1813. Though the church has been rebuilt twice, it has remained a beacon for all through the years. The Knanaya Christians of Kaipuzha have always been a devout community. Whenever the pastor needed the people, he only needed to ask. Indeed from the very inception of the Church, the Pathyils have played an integral part in the wellbeing of the parish. The latest reconstruction of the Church in 1983 was undertaken under the tireless leadership of Thomas Kalluvelil.

The history of the Visitation Convent founded by Bishop Makil in 1892 is intertwined with our family history. The Convent ran a Malayalam Language School for girls as well as a primary school for boys and girls. The boarding that was attached to the school attracted students from all over central Travancore. Almost all our girls and many of our boys had their early education in the school. From the inception of the Convent, several of our women have dedicated themselves to the service of God and His people, taking the vows of poverty, chastity and obedience in the Congregation.

IN 1928 Fr. Thomas Poothathil founded St. Joseph’s Congregation originally for handicapped women. Subsequently the congregation flourished, and today it has branches all over Kottayam, several parts of India, and in Africa and Europe. The sisters run schools, orphanages, hospitals and other social service activities.

St. George’s English Middle School (later to become a High School) was started in 1926 through the vision and endeavor of Abraham Pathyil. Ever since its inception all our children have had their education in that school. The story of that school is as much the story of our family. Close to the school is the hospital, which too has received much, loving care from our family and relatives even till today. The survival and growth of the hospital was due, in no small measure to the unstinting service of men such as Chamakala Chummaru Kutty and, in the recent past, Thomas Kalluvelil.

St.Therese of Avila Church in Palathuruth, next to our ancestral home, is very much our church too. Indeed the original plot of land was given by one of our own. Ever since then, to the most recent rebuilding of the Church, our family members have participated without counting cost and time. Thomas Pathyil and Babychan Chamakala were in the forefront of the construction of the magnificent church that stands as a model of Kerala’s unique ecclesial architecture.

Kaipuzha population consists of not only Knanaya Catholics, but also people of different religions. The Nairs have been the early settlers on the land. They are landholders, but generally continue to be civil servants. The Ezhava community, the traditional toddy tappers, constitutes an important minority. The Pulayas who have been for centuries the tenants and workers of the landlords are an important segment of the Kaipuzha community. The Mukavas (Valans) have been fishermen and boatmen for centuries. All these segments live in relative harmony and communal peace. To all of them St. George’s school has been the alma mater, the fields and the water their common ground. At festivals, marriages, and funerals all these people show their mutual respect and regard, by sharing joy and grief.

Kaipuzha has always been associated with its neighboring village of Neendoor. In fact Neendoor is an extension of Kaipuzha. For very long time the school and the hospital in Kaipuzha were as much part of Neendoor. Apart from the fact that Neendoor has its own Church and community centre, Kaipuzha has been the mother church and spiritual centre. The civic government of the Panchayat is now in Neendoor, and new industries and progress have veered towards Neendoor. But Neendoor is integral to the soul of Kaipuzha. The Pathyils originated from Neendoor and the ancestors have had intimate involvement in the development of Neendoor, even to this day.

Another satellite village close to Kaipuzha is Kurumulloor (Onanthuruthu and Vedagiri are names for parts of the same place.) People of Kurumulloor have traditionally gone to Kaipuzha school, been treated in Kaipuzha hospital, and they too have been integral parts of Kaipuzha life. Places such as Manjoor and Kallara also looked to Kaipuzha as its mother church and St. George’s school has educated all the youngsters of all these villages. In other words, the whole region, known as Kaipuzha-Neendoor Sekharam has been one entity.

The history of the Pathyil family is not a story in isolation. The land, its people, its institutions, and the evolutions of time have marked the family. And the family has left its mark in the process of this evolution.

KAIPUZHA – Part 2

Joseph (Uppachan) Pathyil, Canada

Another day: Let us sit on the western verandah of the house and behold the dark clouds forming on the horizon. Nature is about to unleash its fury. The fields are inundated; the coconut trees in the distance seem hardly able to keep their heads above water. Some of the bunds are under water. Waves batter the land. The distant roar presages the impending downpour. Monsoon in all its fury is unleashed on the land. And suddenly the heavens open. Cascade runs down the roof. Children cannot be contained in the house. They rush out nearly naked, stand under the down- pour from the roof, and laugh heartily, as buckets of clear cool water tumble over them. They fight to get the best position to enjoy the most water. They run around, splashing water from the land, and then dare to jump into the flooding fields, to test the fury of the waves. They are children of the water and know how far they can go. They will play in the water, but close to shore. They will not take their canoes out into the deep, nor will they swim far from the shore. They will dive into the water from the stone boulder at the water’s edge, and instantly swim back up on land. Having tested the might of the elements, they will get back home, to the relief of their mother. They will saunter out again at night to catch fish by torch light from the shallow water on land. They will bring still more fish, to the joyous exclamations of the men, and the consternation of the women-folks who must clean and cook.

They have learned to live in tune with nature, never to challenge it, and always to be cautious. They know of mishaps, drownings, capsized canoes, bloated corpses floating in the water, and disasters that befall those who are careless. But they also know that floods too can be fun .

Soon it is time for the boat races. Everyone with big and small canoes prepare for the big boat races in Kottayam and Alappuzha. Occasionally races are also held as part of the festivities of the local churches and schools. People - young and old - argue about the vallam kali, and which boat will win, and where. And families prepare to go to Kottayam to watch the races. Children ply their canoes as if in preparation for the races, or in imitation of the best boats.

A few weeks later: The floods have receded. The land is dry. The bunds are visible. The ploughers are busy ploughing in the shallow water. Giant motors pump out the water from the fields into the canal systems. Young amateur fishermen are everywhere with their nets catching the abundant fish from the channels. Soon the sowers will cast the paddy seeds on to the wet fields. A few days hence, hundreds of workers are bent over the fields, transplanting the seedlings, and weeding . The farmers are busy, fertilizing, pumping excess water, strengthening the bunds, discussing the cost of cultivation and the perils to the crops, and always anxious, always vigilant. A flash flood, or unexpected rain could ruin the crops, or the bunds may burst and inundate the fields. That too happens every few years. But, undaunted, the farmers will pump the water out, reseed the fields, and cultivate again. Or write the year off. Destiny, fate, the inevitable, are forces that they will accept with equanimity.

KAIPUZHA – Part 1


Joseph (Uppachan) Pathyil,

Canada

Kaipuzha is more than a mere place. It is a dreamland; it is the hidden jewel in the paradise that is Kerala. Kaipuzha is unique as its characteristics cannot be seen anywhere else in the world. The name is derived from the fact that there are canals and rivers in the greater Kaipuzha region. Kaipuzha is part of the Kuttanadu area in Kerala. Kuttanadu is closely linked to the “kayals” of Kerala. These are lagoons connected to the Arabian Sea, except that at certain times of the year, the water is inland. The shallower areas of the kayals form Kuttanadu fields , which are essentially the back-waters of the lakes. In recent past, the backwater regions have been virtually forded up with bunds and causeways from the kayals, so that salt water does not form part of the aquatic system. However, the Kuttanadu region is waterlogged. For the purposes of cultivation, water from the fields has to be pumped out into the canal systems. Once the crops are taken, fields are again inundated. Again in olden days - till not more than 30 years ago- farmers cultivated the fields only once in two years, leaving water filled areas fallow the rest of the time. With chemicals and fertilizers, crops are now being planted at least once a year, with disastrous consequence to the ecological system of Kuttanadu. The usual mode of transportation in the region has been by canoe. With meandering rivers and canals, and water-filled fields, one went everywhere by boat or canoe. Children learned to swim soon after they learned to walk. Water and water-related activities become part of the psyche. Kaipuzha is part of the northern reaches of Kuttandu.

Kaipuzha however is not all fields and water. In fact, the landmass adjoining the fields is hills and valleys, undulation of brown and red earth. The church of Kaipuzha is on the highest of the hills, standing majestic and visible to the naked eye from miles out in the fields. While to the west of the church- steeple is seen the verdant fields and blue waters, to the South are flat lands, and to the East and North more hills and valleys. Kaipuzha is an exclamation point in the outer reaches of Kuttanadu. It is both water’s-edge and land’s beginning. It is rice fields and rubber plantation. It is the meeting point of both earth and water.

Let us sit on the big boulder in front of the barn (Kalappura muttam)in Kalluvelil , on the edge of the water-filled fields. Look to the west. As far as the eye can see are miles of waterlogged fields, with bunds and causeways lined with coconut trees. The occasional canoes dart around - fishing for konju (scampi), or guiding hosts of ducks, or just going places. Then there are other boats laden with coconut, or clay vessels, or other merchandise moving majestically on the serpentining canals, going to markets all over Kuttandu. The water is calm, a gentle breeze wafts from the west. The sun is never unbearable even at noon. Fish frolic in the shallow waters of the fields. Cranes brood, and other water birds scoot around preying on the unsuspecting fish. The woodpecker is busy preparing its nest. The crows and the kuyils are going about their daily business of living.. The water buffaloes and oxen lazily loll in the water. Peace fills this paradise.

A Christian Devotional Music Album from Jobi Valiyaputhenpurayil

Jobi Valiyaputhenpurayil, Kaipuzha, Secretary of Knanaya Catholic Association of Canada has produced a Christian Devotional Music Album, titled, “ഈശോ വരുന്നിതാ

The songs are written by Alex Arathu and music is by a CMI Priest, Fr. Phinil Ezharath. Singers are K.G. Markose, Kester, Madhu Balakrishnan, Wilson Piravom, Biju Kumbanadu, Anoop, Cicily, Elizabeth Raju, Maneesha, Sunitha, etc. Orchestration is by Jerson Antony.

To know more about this creation by a worthy son of Kaipuzha visit the website www.danielcreations.net (link can be found on the Right Top of this screen).

Nammude Swantham Kaipuzha congratulates Jobi (Telephone No: +1 519 341 9675).

Posted by Alex Kaniamparambil

U.K. Kaipuzha Sangamam on 12 June

Third U.K. Pravasi Kaipuzha Sangamam and family meet will be held on 12th June (Saturday) in Birmingham. The celebration will include Ganamela and various cultural programmes.

The venue will be:

Bourn Brook & Selly Oak Social Club
13A Hubert Road
Sellyoak B29 6DX

For further details please contact:

James Painumoottil (President): Tel: 0121 258 2737
Jossy Mathew Kandathil (Secretary): Tel: 0790 527 8408

Watch this blog for further details and developments.